A Traveler's Introduction to eSwatini

Lying between Mozambique and South Africa, the Kingdom of eSwatini, still unofficially known by its previous colonial appellation Swaziland, is a small but fascinating country that is replete with natural beauty, rich culture, and fascinating history. Although one of the world's smallest nations, eSwatini boasts a range of experiences that render it a destination of merit for any traveler in search of an authentic African experience.

A Short Glimpse into the History

The history of eSwatini dates back to the early Stone Age, with archaeological evidence indicating human activity over 200,000 years ago. The earliest known inhabitants were Khoisan hunter-gatherers, who were later largely replaced by Bantu-speaking tribes during the great Bantu migrations.

The Swazi nation as it is known today began to form in the 18th century under the leadership of the Dlamini clan. Ngwane III is considered the first king who managed to establish the nucleus of the Swazi nation, however, it was King Mswati II in the 19th century who significantly expanded the kingdom, and the country eventually took his name.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries when the European powers were colonizing Africa, the small kingdom’s autonomy was influenced by British and Dutch rule in Southern Africa, and although Britain recognized Swazi independence in 1881, the kingdom later became a British protectorate. eSwatini finally gained full independence on 6 September 1968, and has since maintained its unique cultural heritage and traditions under its monarchy. In 2018, King Mswati III officially changed the country's name from Swaziland to eSwatini, meaning "land of the Swazi."

Why Visit eSwatini?

eSwatini offers a compelling blend of attractions that cater to various interests:

• Stunning Scenery: The country boasts diverse landscapes, ranging from the mountainous Highveld in the west with its mist-shrouded peaks and lush forests to the rolling hills of the Middleveld and the subtropical Lowveld in the east, characterized by savannah plains. The dramatic Lubombo escarpment adds another layer of scenic beauty.
• Rich Culture and Traditions: As one of Africa's last absolute monarchies, eSwatini deeply cherishes its traditions and cultural heritage. Visitors have the opportunity to witness vibrant ceremonies and festivals, such as the Umhlanga Reed Dance, a spectacular annual event where thousands of unmarried young women present reeds to the Queen Mother, and the Incwala ceremony, a sacred ritual of kingship and renewal. Exploring the Mantenga Cultural Village provides a fascinating glimpse into traditional Swazi life, with traditional huts, dances, and craft demonstrations.
• Wildlife Encounters: Despite its size, eSwatini is home to several well-maintained wildlife reserves. Hlane Royal National Park is the largest and offers the chance to see the "Big Five" (lion, leopard, elephant, rhino, and buffalo), as well as a diverse array of other wildlife and birdlife. Mkhaya Game Reserve is renowned for its rhino conservation efforts and offers excellent opportunities for close encounters with both black and white rhinos. Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary, the country's pioneer conservation area, provides a more relaxed wildlife experience with diverse antelope species, zebras, and numerous birds, and allows for walking safaris and other activities.
• Adventure Activities: For the adventurous traveler, eSwatini offers a range of activities, including hiking in the Malolotja Nature Reserve (home to some of the world's oldest mountains), white-water rafting on the Great Usutu River, mountain biking, and exploring ancient rock art sites. The Sibebe Rock, the second-largest granite monolith in the world, offers challenging hikes with rewarding panoramic views.
• Warm Hospitality: eSwatini is known for its friendly and welcoming people. Visitors often comment on the genuine hospitality they experience, making their stay even more enjoyable.

Essential Information for Travelers

• Location: Landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered by South Africa and Mozambique.
• Capital Cities: Mbabane (administrative) and Lobamba (royal and legislative).
• Official Languages: SiSwati and English.
• Currency: Lilangeni (SZL), which is pegged to the South African Rand (ZAR). Both currencies are widely accepted.
• Climate: Subtropical, with distinct seasons. Summer (October to March) is hot and rainy, while winter (May to September) is dry and cooler, especially in the Highveld.
• Getting Around: While self-driving is possible and allows for greater flexibility, caution is advised due to road conditions and driving habits. Minibus taxis ("khumbis") are a common form of public transport but can be crowded and may not adhere to strict safety standards. Organized tours and private transfers are also available.
• Accommodation: A range of accommodation options exists, from hotels and lodges in urban areas and near major attractions to more secluded guesthouses and safari camps within the wildlife reserves.
• Safety: While generally considered safe, it's advisable to take precautions against petty crime, especially in urban areas. Avoid displaying valuables and be cautious when using ATMs. It's also wise to monitor local media for any potential demonstrations or protests.
• Health: Consult your doctor regarding necessary vaccinations and malaria precautions, especially if visiting the Lowveld region. Tuberculosis and tick-bite fever are also prevalent in the country.
• Visa Requirements: Visa requirements vary depending on nationality. Many Commonwealth countries, the USA, Japan, and most European Union countries do not require visas for stays of up to 30 days for tourism purposes. Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay.

A Land of Discovery

eSwatini may be small, but its rich tapestry of history, culture, and nature offers a truly memorable African experience. From thrilling wildlife encounters and breathtaking landscapes to vibrant traditions and warm hospitality, this kingdom provides a unique and authentic glimpse into the heart of Southern Africa. It's a destination that rewards those who venture off the beaten path and seek a genuine connection with the land and its people.